Phép đảo chủ ngữ và động từ (The inversion of subjects and verbs)
Có thể dùng phép đảo chủ ngữ và động từ trong trường hợp trong câu:
CÓ TRẠNG TỪ PHỦ ĐỊNH (NEGATIVE ADVERBS) HOẶC TRẠNG TỪ BÁN PHỦ ĐỊNH (SEMI-NEGATIVE ADVERB).
Ví dụ:
- Father nerver smokes.
Never does father smoke.
- He knows little about me.
Little does he know about me.
- I seldom hear him sing.
Seldom do I hear him sing.
- He had no sooner arrived than he began to make trouble.
No sooner had he arrived than he began to make trouble.
CÓ SO, SUCH, THUS HOẶC TRẠNG TỪ CHÌ THÔNG LỆ (ADVERB OF FREQUENCY).
Ví dụ:
- He is so stupid that he can't remember a word.
So stupid is he that he can't remember a word.
- We often went fishing together.
Often did we go fishing together.
CÓ TÍNH TỪ (ADJECTIVE), HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ (PRESENT PARTICIPLE) HOẶC QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ (PAST PARTICIPLE).
Ví dụ:
- The flowers are beautiful in spring.
Beautiful are the flowers in spring.
CÓ ONLY.
Ví dụ:
- He speaks Vietnamese only when he sees me.
Only when he sees me does he speak Vietnamese.
- I only see her on Sundays.
Only on Sundays do I see her.
CÓ MANY, MUCH, NO, LITTLE, NOTHING.
Ví dụ:
- You will receive nothing from him.
Nothing will you receive from him.
CÓ IF (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN).
Ví dụ:
- If I were to go, I should tell you.
Were I go to, I should tell you.
- If I had been there, I should have met him.
Had I been there, I should have met him.
CÓ HERE, THERE, FIRST, LAST HOẶC CỤM TỪ MANG CHỨC NĂNG TRẠNG TỪ (ADVERB PHRASE).
Ví dụ:
- The man with the blue hat came first.
First came the man with the blue hat.
- The boy ran out into the street.
Out into the street ran the boy.